Description overdue on 31.10.2012

Vasodilating agent. The main ingredient - pentoxifylline . The drug inhibits phosphodiesterase, a positive effect on the rheological properties of blood, improves microcirculation , Increases the concentration of ATP in erythrocytes and kontsentartsiyu cAMP in platelets. Simultaneously, under the influence of the drug observed saturation of energy potential, which leads to a decrease in systemic vascular resistance, vasodilatation, increase IOC and CRM without a significant impact on the pulse. Due to the expansion of the lumen of the coronary arteries pentoxifylline increases the flow of oxygen to the myocardial tissue, providing antianginal effect . The drug improves blood oxygenation by increasing lung vascular lumen. Trental increases the tone of respiratory muscles: diaphragm and intercostal muscles. When intravenously strengthens collateral circulation It increases blood volume per unit sectional area. The drug has a positive effect on brain bioelectric activity, increasing concentrations of ATP. Trental 400 increases the elasticity of red blood cells, promotes platelet disaggregation, reduces rate   blood viscosity . In the area of ​​circulatory disorders with pentoxifylline improves. With intermittent claudication , With peripheral arterial occlusive disease medication eliminates pain at rest, eliminating the night cramps in the calf muscles, contributes to lengthening the distance on foot. Trental available in tablet dosage form, in the form of dragees, solution.

Indications:

Trental is prescribed for violation of the peripheral circulation: occlusive disease "Intermittent" claudication at diabetic angiopathy . The drug is effective in violation of trophic tissue: frostbite, gangrene, phlebeurysm , Post-thrombotic syndrome, leg sores. The drug is used for   Raynaud's disease , With cerebral arteriosclerosis, cerebrovascular accident, when neuroinfection viral origin, vascular encephalopathy After myocardial infarction, in ischemic heart disease, impotence of vascular origin, asthma, COPD, otosclerosis , Severe violations of blood supply to the choroid and retina.

Contraindications:

Trental is not applied when porphyria, acute myocardial infarction, intolerance xanthine derivatives, breastfeeding, massive bleeding , With hemorrhages in the retina, in hemorrhagic stroke. Intravenous infusions are not permitted in the current uncontrolled hypotension, with cerebral atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease, arrhythmia. If a peptic ulcer of the digestive system, in CHF, labile blood pressure, insufficient renal and hepatic systems, after previous surgical interventions pentoxifylline administered with caution. In pregnancy, Trental is not applicable.

Side effect:

Nervous system:   convulsions, anxiety, dizziness, headache, sleep disorders . Subcutaneous fat, the skin:   increased nail fragility, swelling, "tides" of blood flow to the face, chest, flushing of the skin. The digestive tract: cholestatic hepatitis , Worsening of cholecystitis, bowel atony , Loss of appetite, dry mouth. Senses:   violation of visual perception, scotoma . Cardiovascular system:   drop in blood pressure, angina progression, false angina, arrhythmia, tachycardia. Hemostatic system, organs of hematopoiesis:   bleeding in the intestines, stomach, mucous membranes, skin, gipofibrinogenemia, pancytopenia , Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia. Allergic reactions such as anaphylactic shock, hives , Pruritus, angioedema, flushing of the skin. Also recorded an increase in liver enzymes, alkaline phosphatase .

Overdose:

Manifested tonic-clonic seizures , Agitation, sleepiness, tachycardia , Fainting, decreased levels of blood pressure, dizziness, weakness, vomiting "coffee grounds" and other signs gastrointestinal bleeding . It requires emergency gastric lavage, administration enterosobrentov, activated carbon, posindromnaya therapy.

Mode of application:

Trental is taken orally, and are administered intraarterially, intravenously, intramuscularly. In the pathology of renal drug is administered at a dose of 50-70% of the standard. Intravenous infusion is carried out slowly, within 10 minutes 50 mg administered (together with 10 ml of sodium chloride) and then transferred to a drip (100 mg together with 250 ml of sodium chloride). Intramuscular injection is carried out deep 2-3 times a day for 100-200 mg. Possible concurrent use of oral dosage forms of the medicament into 800-1200 mg per day for 2-3 hours. The initial dose is 600 mg per day. If the positive dynamics of the number of pentoxifylline reduced to 300 mg per day.

Special instructions:

It requires control of blood clotting during simultaneous treatment with anticoagulants. Pentoxifylline therapy is performed under obligatory control of blood pressure levels. In patients with diabetes mellitus, the medicament can cause hypoglycemia . After the surgical intervention is necessary to monitor hematocrit and hemoglobin. When volatile and low blood pressure, reduce the dosage. There are no reliable data on the safety and efficacy of the drug Trental children. Inhaling tobacco smoke causes a reduction in the therapeutic efficacy of the drug. With intravenous infusion the patient should be in a supine position.

Drug Interactions:

Trental enhances the action of drugs that affect blood clotting (thrombolytic agents, anticoagulants   direct and indirect effects), antibiotics (tsefotetan, cefoperazone, cephalosporins and other tsefamandola) valproic acid . Pentoxifylline enhances the effect of oral hypoglycemic agents, insulin, antihypertensive drugs. Cimetidine is able to increase the level of drug in the blood increase the severity of side effects. With the simultaneous use of other xanthine noted excessive jitters patients.