Description overdue on 10.06.2012

Cardioselective beta 1-blocker . The drug has an antiarrhythmic, antianginal, hypotensive effects. Atenolol adversely dromotropic, chronotropic, and inotropic effects bathmotropic. The hypotensive effect   achieved influence on the nervous system, decreased sensitivity of baroreceptors in the aortic arch, decreased activity Renin-angiotensin system , A decrease in the IOC. The drug lowers systolic and diastolic blood pressure, reduces the IOC CRM. The drug has no effect on peripheral arterial tone at therapeutic doses. Antianginal effects   ensuring reduction requirements cardiomyocytes myocardial oxygen, which leads to a decrease in heart rate. The drug reduces the heart rate at rest and during physical activity. Antiarrhythmic effects   ensured the elimination of arrhythmogenic factors (hypertension, increase in cAMP, increased activity of the sympathetic part of the nervous system, tachycardia), slowing down atrioventricular conduction , Decrease in the rate of spontaneous ectopic excitation and sinus pacemaker. When atenolol significantly increased the survival of patients who have suffered myocardial infarction. The drug does not cause weakening of bronchodilatory effect of isoproterenol. Atenolol is issued in the form taletirovannoy.

Indications:

Atenolol is prescribed for hypertensive crisis neurocirculatory dystonia , Hyperkinetic cardiac syndrome, functional origin, withdrawal syndrome, tremor, essential tremor, agitation. The drug is recommended for use for the prevention of arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, ventricular arrhythmia , Sinus tachycardia, atrial flutter, atrial tachyarrhythmia, ventricular tachycardia. Atenolol is prescribed for migraine, thyrotoxicosis, pheochromocytoma .

Contraindications:

cardiogenic shock Prinzmetal angina , Hypersensitive to the active component, cardiomegaly, breastfeeding, taking MAO inhibitors. With emphysema, allergies, metabolic acidosis, diabetes, hypoglycemia, pheochromocytoma, asthma, thyrotoxicosis, myasthenia gravis, hepatic insufficiency , Pregnancy, psoriasis, depression, children and the elderly, with Raynaud's syndrome atenolol used with caution.

Side effect:

Senses: conjunctivitis , Disorders of vision, dry eyes, a decrease in production of tear fluid, pain in the eyes. Nervous system:   depression, insomnia, headaches, dizziness, weakness, fatigue, drowsiness, depression,   paresthesias in extremities , Impaired concentration, short term memory loss, seizures, myasthenia gravis. Cardiovascular system:   chest pain, vasculitis, cooling of the lower limbs vasoconstriction, orthostatic hypotension, heart failure, weakening of myocardial contractility, arrhythmia, atrioventricular block, palpitations, bradycardia, conduction disorders of the myocardium. Digestive system:   change in taste perception, epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, blurred chair: constipation Diarrhea. Respiratory system:   bronchospasm, laryngism , Shortness of breath, nasal congestion. Endocrine System: hypothyroid state, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia.   Skin:   reversible alopecia, psoriasis-like skin rash, sweating, exacerbation of psoriasis symptoms, flushing of the skin. Also recorded back pain, bradycardia , Reduced potency, weakening of libido, arthralgia, intrauterine growth retardation. Intensity of side effects depends on the dose.

Overdose:

Manifested bronchospasm convulsions , Shortness of breath, arrhythmia, syncope, drop in blood pressure, dizziness, severe bradycardia. It requires emergency gastric lavage. In violation of atrioventricular conduction, with bradycardia intravenous atropine, epinephrine, or set a temporary pacemaker. With a sharp drop in blood pressure patient give Trendelenburg position . In the absence of signs of pulmonary edema intravenous plasma substituting solutions, in case of failure is administered dobutamine, epinephrine, dopamine. When seizures shown intravenous diazepam.   Dialysis   effective.

Mode of application:

Atenolol is taken orally, tablets washed down with liquid, do not chew. The initial dose is 25-50 mg per day, a week, if necessary to increase the amount of the drug of 50 mg, the average daily dose is 100 mg. When tahisistolicheskoy violations in IHD Atenolol is prescribed 1 time a day for 50 mg. Acute myocardial infarction with stable hemodynamic parameters: intravenous fluids, then a pill of 50 mg over 10 minutes, after 12 hours of receiving repeated. When cardiac hyperkinetic syndrome is shown receiving 25 mg per day. The drug acts during the day, greater than 1 times a day is not administered. The day is not recommended for more than 200 mg. Abolition of the drug produced gradually, every 3 days - ¼ of the dose.

Special instructions:

Receiving the drug must be accompanied by the routine measurement of blood pressure, heart rate, glucose levels in individuals with diabetes . You must instruct the patient's doctor and learn to measure heart rate. In 20% of patients with angina blockers do not give the desired effect due to the pronounced coronary atherosclerosis with a low threshold of ischemia, impaired subendocardial blood flow   In patients with nicotine dependence efficacy of atenolol is significantly lower than in patients who do not smoke .  The therapy may decrease the production of tear fluid, which is necessary to warn patients who wear contact lenses .  The drug may mask clinical hyperthyroidism (tachycardia) .  Unacceptable abrupt withdrawal of the drug in patients with hyperthyroidism due to the risk of increasing the severity of symptoms of the disease .  Atenolol is able to mask the tachycardia in hypoglycemia .  The drug is cancel a few days before the planned general anesthesia with ether or chloroform .  Otherwise, the patient picked up the drug for general anesthesia, which has minimal inotropic effects .  Intravenous administration of atropine eliminates reciprocal activation of the vagus nerve .  The drug can be administered to patients with bronchospastic disorders after failure or intolerance to other antihypertensives in strict compliance with the dosing regimen .  With the development of the elderly hypotension, increasing bradycardia, ventricular arrhythmia, bronchospasm, severe disorders of the liver and kidneys the dosage reduced or completely stopped therapy .  With the development of depression drug is replaced .  Abrupt withdrawal Atenolol can cause myocardial infarction, severe arrhythmia .  Abolition of the drug was gradually decrease the dosage for two weeks .  When breastfeeding, pregnancy prescription medication is justified for the vital necessity .  .  The drug affects the control of motor vehicles .

Drug Interactions:

Patients taking Atenolol, allergen extracts for skin samples and allergens   immunotherapy significantly increase the risk of severe systemic allergic reactions, anaphylaxis. Risk anaphylactic reactions   increases with indwelling intravenous drugs. The drop in blood pressure and cardiodepressive effects observed with intravenous injection of phenytoin, as well as formulations for inhalation application of general anesthesia. hypoglycemia   while use of oral hypoglycemic agents, insulin. Atenolol reduces the clearance of xanthine, lidocaine. Estrogens, steroids, NSAIDs, BCCI, guanfacine, reserpine, methyldopa, cardiac glycosides, amiodarone, diltiazem Hydralazine, sympatholytic, clonidine, diuretics, antihypertensives, BCCI can significantly lower blood pressure. Atenolol lengthens the duration of coumarin, non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents. Antipsychotics, sedatives, hypnotics, ethanol, tetracyclic and tricyclic antidepressants increase the depressing effect on the central nervous system. It is unacceptable the simultaneous appointment of MAO inhibitors because of the risk of hypotension. Violation of peripheral blood circulation is observed in the use of medicines with non-hydrogenated ergot alkaloids.