December 1, 2011

Mycosis - A disease which causes the occurrence of fungi capable of infecting humans, animals and plants. A characteristic feature of the disease is its fairly slow development, frequent relapses (unlike bacterial infection) and the lack of long-term immunity after treatment. Fungal infection in some cases causes only mild inflammation, but under its influence may be exacerbated chronic abscesses . ulcers   or tumor-like granulomas . Athlete's foot can progress and even lead to death. To date, to distinguish between systemic mycosis Which is distributed in the body as a whole, as well as epidermomycosis , Affects the skin, nails, hair. Systemic mycoses - more severe disease. Currently, the lab is easily identified the causative fungi of athlete's foot.

Mycosis of the skin

This fungal disease affecting the top layer epidermis . The most common infection enters the body in contact with the sick as well as while wearing their shoes, clothing, personal use items at home. Most often, a patient infected in public places with high humidity - in swimming pools, saunas, etc. With the development of athlete's foot infections of the skin provokes erythema, expressed shelling and coarsening of the skin in areas of destruction. The treatment of fungal infections of the skin and involves a total therapy, and the use of the local impact. Methodology for treatment of fungal infections of the skin doctor determines primarily depending on where the lesion is localized.

Athlete's foot

Athlete's foot is a chronic mycotic skin lesions on the soles of in between the folds and podpaltsevyh feet. Also, damage can reach the hands and the skin on other parts of the body. Athlete's foot is a non-hereditary infectious diseases. The appearance of athlete's foot triggers fungal infection . According to specialists from it affects about 60% of adults. As a rule, athlete's foot catches people of working age, rarely diagnosed in children and the elderly. About seventy percent of the patients are male representatives. Among the risk factors that provoke the emergence of athlete's foot, it is considered to be insufficiently rigorous compliance with the hygiene of the skin, the constant wearing of shoes that badly passes air, frequent stay in high temperature, humidity and water. Progression of the disease provokes a high level of sweating of the skin stop the disease breaking trophicity lower extremities, corticosteroid therapy, the state of immunodeficiency.

Forms and symptoms of athlete's foot

It is divided three forms of athlete's foot: disgidroticheskuyu . giperkeratoticheskie   and intertriginoznoy . For disgidroticheskoy form athlete's foot is characterized vesicular rash Which are grouped on the skin in the form of Rings . plaques . They occur mainly in the roof and on the sides of the feet. Later, there is their autopsy, and there are erosion, covered with time exudative purulent crusts . When hyperkeratotic form of mycosis on the soles of the feet occur erythematous-squamous foci . When intertriginoznoy form of the disease occur in the skin areas of erosion and macerated epidermis between the toes and in the folds of his fingers. In some cases, these areas appear as vesicles and bubbles that fills a clear exudate. Most often affects the skin in between the third and fourth finger. When mycosis in disgidroticheskoy and intertriginoznoy form, as a rule, there is itching, while walking manifested pain, and if the disease is also joined by a secondary infection or eczematization, the person may lose the ability to work effectively.

Diagnosis of athlete's foot

Primarily used by visual inspection, during which the doctor carefully inspects the soles, interdigital folds feet, nails and skin on the other affected organs. As laboratory methods of diagnosis used microscopic examination of pathological material, also produces specialist crop on Wednesday Saburo. When the diagnosis is important differentsiirovat athlete's foot with a number of other diseases - psoriasis soles . pustular psoriasis . akrodermatitom . bakteridov Andrews . eczema feet . erythrasma .

Treatment of athlete's foot

To get the most effective treatment for athlete's foot using a complex local and general antimycotic therapy to influence the pathogenetic factors detected. There are many drugs used successfully for external treatment of athlete's foot. So, today, doctors prescribe for treatment ketoconazole . terbinafine . amorolfin . clotrimazole . isoconazole . naftifine . miconazole . toltsiklat   and others. If there are persistent cases in the course of therapy using drugs against fungus systemic effects, for example, terbinafine . griseofulvin . ketoconazole . If the patient developed acute fungal infection of the skin, the treatment is carried out in a hospital in compliance with bed rest.

Preventing athlete's foot

As a precaution, athlete's foot is strongly recommended to carefully follow the rules of hygiene, do not use someone else's shoes, processing stops after the sauna, shower or other public places. You should also pay special attention to the fight against excessive sweating feet.

Mycosis of nails

According to experts, from the nail mycosis ( onychomycosis ) Affects about one tenth of the total population. The older a person is, the higher is the risk of the disease. After all, it provokes a lot of factors - vascular pathology, obesity, diabetes , Osteoarthropathy of the foot. The causative agent of the disease is onychomycosis, nail infections occur less frequently under the influence of molds and yeast, which are particularly resistant to certain antifungal agents. The disease often appears after the occurrence of a variety of lesions on the nails and feet. Typically, this damage arising from too tight shoes.

Accepted provide three forms of mycosis of nails, which are defined depending on where it has taken root pathogen. It distal-lateral . Proximal   and Sketchy shape .  The distal most frequently diagnosed form .  For this form of the disease characterized by the penetration of parts of the fungus into the affected skin with nail .  Gradually, the infection penetrates deeper inside, to the roots of the nail, and the rate of growth of the fungus may exceed the reverse rate of increase of the nail .  That is due to the slowdown of nails in the elderly infection onychomycosis is observed more frequently .  When the disease in the distal form primarily nail plate loses transparency, stain on it appear white and yellow nail becomes thickened .  In the case of proximal forms of fungi get in through the proximal nail roll .  Spots of white and yellow appear at the very root of the nail .  If a patient diagnosed with a form of surface mycosis fungoides the nail appears superficial spots on the nail plate .  All forms of onychomycosis after a certain time affect all parts of the nail so that the nail plate is destroyed, and eventually lost his function .  In this case, the shape is called nail mycosis total dystrophic . As a rule, there is mycosis nail paronychia, ie inflammation okolonogtevogo roller. Because of periodically arising exacerbations felon in the nail occur degenerative changes: there are transverse grooves on a record. To confirm such diagnosis is mainly used to study microscopic fragments of the nail plate. Also seeded to isolate culture.

Treatment of mycosis of nails

As with other types of mycosis in onychomycosis used systemic and local therapy agent. Sometimes prescribed combination therapy using both methods. Local medications are generally used in the treatment of superficial mycosis or an initial stage of the distal shape. Also, these funds are administered in cases of the disease on the individual nails. All other forms and stages of the disease require systemic therapy.

As local agents for the treatment of mycosis of nails using nail polish with antifungal activity. Thus, an effective method is similar to the drug Loceryl Applied once a week. The use of local treatments lead to a complete cure. In the course of systemic therapy prescribers terbinafine . itraconazole   and fluconazole . The duration of treatment depends on what kind of clinical form of onychomycosis occurs. Also take into account the prevalence of lesions and the level of penetration by nails. What is important and the patient's age. Combined treatment prescribed when systemic therapy does not have the desired effect. Treatment always occurs for a long time. But if you do not make timely treatment of athlete's foot, then over time it spread to new areas of the body.

Prevention of mycosis of nails

To distinguish primary and secondary forms of prevention of fungal diseases. Primary prevention - a method designed to prevent the development of fungal infections in people not yet infected. Secondary prevention aims to protect against repeat nail mycosis. The primary method of prevention is necessary to observe the rules of hygiene, carefully take care of the nails. As a method of secondary prevention, in addition to compliance with the elementary rules of hygiene should be used, if necessary, antifungal drugs.