Description overdue on 12/16/2014

• Composition
• Product form
• Pharmacological action
• Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
• Indications
• Contraindications
• Side effects
• Instructions on Oftan timolol (method and dosage)
• Overdose
• Cooperation
• Terms of sale
• Storage conditions
• Shelf life
• Cautions
• Analogs
• During pregnancy (and lactation)
• Reviews
• Price, where to buy

Composition

In the composition for eye drops is 2, 5, or 5 mg timolol maleate   + Adjuvants ( 2-sodium phosphate monobasic aqueous sodium hydroxide, benzalkonium chloride, dibasic 12-water, sodium phosphate, water ).

Product form

The drug is available in vials of 5 ml, in a cardboard unit 1 bottle with dropper dispenser. The contents of the vials - the solution is colorless and odorless, transparent. Oftan timolol produced in two doses at 2, 5, or 5 ml of active ingredient in 1 ml of product.

Pharmacological action

Antiglaucoma .

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

Active ingredient Otfan Timolol - is L-isomer of timolol It is discharged in the form of Maleate salt . The substance belongs to the group non-selective beta-adrenoceptor blockers . This isomer is similar to the receptors beta-1 and beta-2 . Due to this drug is able to reduce intraocular pressure By reducing the intensity of the output fluid.

When applied topically penetrate directly into the vehicle ciliary tissue Where production occurs and moisture. Still not entirely clear whether the effect has timolol   on blood vessels in the anterior segment of the eye, but at lower Intraocular pressure   improve blood circulation occur in the retina.

The effect of the medication lasts a very long time, until the day. Sympathomimetic   activity, and membrane-stabilizing effect   substance does not possess. The drug has no effect on accommodation of   and pupil size, does not cause addiction ( withdrawal   It does not occur).

The active ingredient is highly soluble in fats, so quickly gets into target tissue   through the vessels conjunctiva   and nasal mucosa. After 3-4 hours after administration and reached a maximum concentration of the drug effect. Action means lasts about a day.

Withdrawal of the drug with the flow of aqueous humor flowing from his eyes. The half-life of 8 hours. That portion of the substance which has penetrated into the systemic circulation (such as through the stomach or the walls of blood vessels) undergoes reaction metabolism   in liver tissue, the inactive metabolites are excreted through the kidneys. Plasma half-life - 4 hours, the degree of protein binding - 60%. The medicine can overcome blood-brain barrier .

Indications

Oftan timolol administered:

• for the treatment of various types of Glaucoma   ( open- . glaucoma eye afakticheskom And other types of secondary glaucoma );
• at angle-closure glaucoma (in the complex therapy miotikami );
• at elevated intraocular pressure ;
• at congenital glaucoma If other therapeutic measures are not effective enough.

Contraindications

The drug is not prescribed:

• at allergies   on the components of the means;
• if the patient is found heart failure ;
• at asthma   and other respiratory diseases;
• 18;
• at sinus bradycardia ;
• at atrioventikulyarnoy blockade   second or third degree.

Care should be taken:

• while other diseases of the lungs and heart;
• at diabetes ;
• at thyrotoxicosis   or hypoglycemia ;
• myasthenia ;
• a combination drug with other drugs of the same group ( beta-blockers ).

Side effects

The risk of side reactions depends on the degree of penetration of the drug in the blood plasma and the presence of chronic diseases in a patient.

The following local reactions were observed:

• discomfort and pain in the eyes, dryness, redness;
• a feeling that is in the eye of the foreign body, photophobia . corneal erosion   eyes;
• hypotension , Decreased corneal sensitivity, keratopathy ;
• conjunctivitis   (including allergic ) Blepharoconjunctivitis . hyperemia ;
• deterioration of visual acuity, the surface Spotted keratitis ;
• detachment of the choroid, contact dermatitis century . blepharoptosis , Bleeding in the retina of the eye, diplopia . ptosis . keratitis .

The reactions of system character:

• allergy . anaphylactic shock ;
• breathlessness Stop breathing, cough, cyanosis . dyspnea , nasal congestion, bronchial asthma ;
• bradycardia , Reduction Blood Pressure . arrhythmia , Congestive heart failure, cerebral infarction Pain in the region of the sternum, collapse . stroke . ischemia   cerebrovascular arrythmia ;
• weakness headache   and lightheadedness, feeling of fear, asthenia ;
• nausea, diarrhea . indigestion ;
• hallucinations . depression . psychosis . insomnia   and nightmares, paresthesia . apathy ;
• weight gain, hyperglycemia , Disorders of hormonal balance;
• hives , Skin rashes, hair loss, stomatitis . atopic dermatitis . Lyell's syndrome . eczema .

Also rare side effects may occur related to the reception oral   forms timolol   or other beta-blockers ( Raynaud's disease . purpura , Increased sweating, Peyronie's disease . arthralgia , noise in ears, ischemic colitis , Difficulty urinating, and so on. D.)

If the apparent side effects, the drug should be stopped and seek medical advice.

Instructions on Oftan timolol (method and dosage)

Medicine to take conjunctivally .

As a general rule, appoint 1 or 2 drops, 2 times a day. After improving the daily dosage may be decreased to 1 drop per day.

The course of treatment prescribed by the attending physician.

Overdose

In case of overdose may develop symptoms characteristic beta-blockers : headache , Nausea, bronchospasm , Vomiting, arrhythmia . dizziness .

In case of accidental contact with the drug inside may occur: shortness of breath, dizziness, nausea, diarrhea , Vomiting, irregular heartbeat, general weakness.

In overdose quick rinse your eyes with clean water or nat. solution , Produce symptomatic therapy.

If you get drugs inside:

• stop taking;
• wash out the stomach;
• apply (depending on symptoms) dopamine, norepinephrine, glucagon, atropine   or isoprenaline hydrochloride ;
• if there is a need, it can be set artificial pacemaker ;
• therapy digitalis , Diuretic.

Cooperation

Because of co-administration with drugs insulin   or other antidiabetic drugs   may develop hypoglycemia .

Combination with adrenaline   It can cause severe dilation of the pupils.

Simultaneous reception nicardipine, diltiazem   and drugs can lead to increased Intraocular pressure .

Do not combine with timolol Oftan   pilocarpine .

When combined with calcium antagonists . reserpine . cardiac glycosides . beta-blockers   perhaps a strong decline Blood Pressure . AV-block   and slowing the heart rate.

Timolol can enhance the action muscle relaxants . The gap between the opening means must be at least 48 hours.

During metabolism enzymes participate timolol P450, CYP2D6 Therefore it is not recommended to take other means, which are involved in the metabolism of the same enzymes ( quinidine ).

When combined with epinephrine   may develop mydriasis .

The spacing between the reception clonidine   and timolol   It must be at least two days.

Cimetidine   able to enhance the therapeutic effect of the drug.

Terms of sale

We need a recipe.

Storage conditions

Store droplet is recommended in a cool place at a temperature of 15 to 30 degrees. Avoid falling into the hands of small children.

Shelf life

3 years.

After opening the bottle the drug can be used for a month.

Cautions

Not established safety and efficacy of the use of funds from the children.

In the treatment agent should undergo regular inspection at ophthalmologist , watch for intraocular pressure , The state of the cornea, blood counts, and lacrimation.

In case of cancellation of the drug in patients with hyperthyroidism   or thyrotoxicosis   Care should be taken to control the level Glucose in blood.

After applying the medication, to prevent it from penetrating into the systemic circulation it is recommended to close your eyes and press nasolacrimal duct   finger 120 seconds.

Patients with angle-closure glaucoma   to achieve the desired therapeutic effect of the drug should be combined with a variety of miotikami .

The interval between the reception of various funds must be at least 15 minutes.

When wearing contact lenses while taking the medicine they need to be removed and put on no earlier than 15 minutes.

During the administration of the drug is not recommended to drive or perform precision or requiring high speed response operation.

Analogs

Azarga, Ganfort, Dorzotimol, Kombigan, Ksalakom, Kuzimolol, Okumed, timolol, Arutimol, Glaumol, Duotrav, Kosopt, Lanotan T Oftimol . Arutimol . Oftan Timogel .

During pregnancy and lactation

The drug is not recommended for use in pregnant and lactating women. His reception in the early stages (before the second trimester) is unacceptable. Breast-feeding should be discontinued.

Reviews

Reviews on Oftan timolol little. Of those that are generally good. Some want to speed up the process of gradual reduction Intraocular pressure   by increasing daily dosages. Adverse reactions in compliance with dosing regimens are rare.

Cost

Price drops Oftan timolol 0, 5% is about 62 rubles per 5 ml.