Description overdue on 19.01.2012

Anticonvulsants . It has a calming, sedative, muscle relaxant, antiepileptic effects. The principle of operation is based on the stimulation of benzodiazepine receptors of the reticular Pharmacy . Through the influence on the amygdala, located in limbic system , Marked anxiolytic effects: decreases anxiety, restlessness, fear. Leveraging presynaptic inhibition, Clonazepam has anticonvulsant effect. The drug has a positive effect on focal, generalized forms epilepsy . Inhibition of afferent, spinal, polysynaptic inhibitory pathways is the central muscle relaxant effect. The drug inhibits the activity of motor neurons. Clonazepam is available as a solution in a tablet form.

Indications:

Clonazepam is used in atypical absence seizures, epilepsy, atonic seizures , Sternocleidomastoid seizures, infantile spasms, tonic-clonic convulsions. When administered intravenously, the drug relieves status epilepticus . The drug is prescribed for panic disorder, alcoholic abstitentnom syndrome, agitation, insomnia (with organic brain damage) muscular hypertonicity . somnambulism .

Contraindications:

Clonazepam is not used in severe COPD, depression of the respiratory center, shock, coma, myasthenia , Acute respiratory failure, severe depression , Breastfed, pregnancy. When hyperkinesis, cerebellar ataxia, spinal ataxia , Chronic alcoholism, chronic heart failure, failure, renal / hepatic systems, psychosis, bronchospastic syndrome And organic diseases of the brain, Sleep apnea , In elderly patients prescribed with caution.

Side effect:

Nervous system : Lethargy, ataxia, catalepsy , Lethargy, fatigue, slowing of motor activity. In rare cases it is celebrated ecmnesia , Memory impairment, tremor, depression, euphoria , Headache, depressed mood, ataxophemia , Myasthenia gravis, weakness, dystonic extrapyramidal reactions,   paradoxical reactions . Respiratory system : bronchial hypersecretion , Depression of the respiratory center. Digestive system : heartburn , Jaundice, elevated liver enzymes, disorders stool, diarrhea, loss of appetite, dry mouth. Genito-urinary system : dysmenorrhea , Violation of of libido, a pathology of the renal system, urinary, the delay urination. Clonazepam is addictive forms medication dependency. Abrupt withdrawal of the drug is "withdrawal": agitation , Sweating, tremor, dysphoria , Anxiety, sleep disorders, irritability, depression, hyperacusis , Derealization, hallucinations .   hyperesthesia , Photophobia, paresthesia .

Overdose:

Ataxia, dysarthria, decreased reflexes, paradoxical agitation, confusion, drowsiness, coma , Depression of the respiratory system, cardiac arrest. Hemodialysis does not bring effect, it is recommended gastric lavage.

Mode of application:

In epilepsy: a therapeutic dose is calculated individually 0, 1.5 mg / kg per day. The maximum daily dose for adults - 20 mg. For relief of status epilepticus Clonazepam injected: 1 mg infusion or slow bolus. The amount of drug administered intravenously should not exceed 13 mg. The solution for injection is prepared immediately prior to administration. Cancel of a medicament should be carried out gradually.

Special instructions:

For the prevention of increased frequency of seizures it is recommended to switch to other anti-epileptic drugs gradually. During the transition probability   apathy . Sedation   enhanced. During the period of treatment is strictly contraindicated alcoholic beverages. Long-term treatment requires monitoring of the state of the blood. Use of the drug during pregnancy causes the formation of drug dependence in the fetus may develop the syndrome of "cancellation" of the child after birth. Clonazepam has a negative impact on the performance of a complex operation, management mechanisms and transport.

Drug Interactions:

There mutual reinforcement effects of muscle relaxants, narcotic analgesics Ethanol, general anesthetics, hypnotics, antiepileptic drugs, antidepressants, neuroleptics . In patients with Parkinson's disease clonazepam attenuates the effect of the drug L-dopa. Carbamazepine , Phenytoin, barbiturates, inducers of microsomal liver enzymes increase the rate of metabolism of the drug. Receiving narcotic analgesics increases the risk of psychological dependence (cause euphoria). Cemetidine   prolongs the period of action of the drug.