November 21 2011

Polyps in the intestine   is a benign tumor formation. It rests on the leg or on a broad basis, and hanging from the walls of the intestine into the lumen. Polyps in the intestine can occur as a consequence of chronic inflammatory processes intestinal mucosa . There is also a theory that in the period of embryonic development and in some cases there is an excess embryonic material. It was he who turns into a kind of education in the process of inflammation . Hyperplastic polyps of the intestine   - Small, they are most often found in the rectum. These polyps are not neoplastic entities.

Gamartomatoznye polyps in the intestine   They grow from normal tissue, if the combination of a particular element of an unusual tissue develops disproportionately.

Youth intestinal polyps   - A type gamartomatoznogo polyps in the colon.

Adenomatous polyps in the intestine   They are optional predatkom . Depending on what type and size of such polyps, dependent probability subsequent regeneration. Tubular adenomas   have a pink color, smooth and dense surface. To villous adenomas   characterized by a large number of protrusions on the surface vetvepodobnyh. In most cases, they have a wide base and a soft consistency. Basically, the disease is asymptomatic, but in some cases may become watery stools, with the presence of impurities of dark blood. Villous adenoma cells more strongly saturated, which is why there is a greater risk of their rebirth. Yet another type of adenomas - villous adenoma tubular- . They have the elements and that, and another type of adenomas. Intestinal polyps, inflammatory type appear as a result of the growth of the mucous membrane as a response to acute inflammation process. This is not a neoplastic formation, and so-called pseudotumor .

Symptoms of polyps in the intestine

As a rule, people with intestinal polyps do not manifest severe symptoms of the disease. When villous adenomas feces can contain large amounts of mucus. It may also occur bleeding . If the polyps in the intestines are too big, they may create an imitation of symptoms of partial bowel obstruction, and thus will appear cramping pain.

According to studies, 95% of adenomatous polyps and villous colorectal cancer   It occurs in 5-15 years. Because the disease is no symptoms, detect polyps in the intestine mostly during endoscopy . But if villous tumor grows to a large size and reach two to three centimeters, the patient may appear discharge of blood and mucus, pain in the abdomen and anus occur Anal itching . A person may appear as a constipation And diarrhea. If villous tumors reach a very large size, in view of too much mucus can essentially be broken homeostasis . This is due to the large losses squirrel   and electrolytes . Also, due to intussusception polyps in the intestine could trigger a partial obstruction or acute complete obstruction.

Diagnosis of polyps in the intestine

If the patient complains of the presence of symptoms, which were discussed above, the specialist mandatory performs a digital rectal examination and sigmoidoscopy . During digital examination it is available for inspection portion of the rectum about ten centimeters from the edge of the anus. It is important to apply this method of diagnosis is mandatory, because it is for the expert informative method of identifying a number of related diseases in the rectum, surrounding tissue, and men to identify problems prostate .

Before the sigmoidoscopy is necessary to conduct a thorough preparation for the procedure, putting the cleansing enemas or taking laxatives beforehand orally. Sigmoidoscopy is a method of giving a broader picture: it allows you to find a great part of the education in the intestine, because more than half of all polyps are straight   and sigmoid colon , I.e. in the zone of penetration proctoscope which is administered 25-30 cm. If the polyps were detected in the intestines should be very careful examination of the colon sections that are above, as well as the stomach. After all, often enough polyps affect different parts of the gastrointestinal tract. To further study applied   radiographic and   endoscopic examinations.

Another method often used to detect polyps, irrigoscopy . It can help you identify most polyps which size reaches 1 cm in diameter. But little education find quite difficult. Because of this, during the inspection in order to prevent should be used colonoscope Which allows to diagnose polyps of all sizes.

The treatment of polyps in the intestine

To remove polyps in the intestine on a thin stalk, is mainly used methods of loop electrocautery during a colonoscopy. If polyps have a wide base, they are often excised. If the shape or dimensions of polyps such that they are not amenable to removal by endoscopy, they are removed by swiping surgery . The same goes for polyps with signs of malignancy.

Under the supervision of specialists, Synchronous polyps That is, such that there are simultaneously observed in 20% of cases, while in 30% of cases are swept aside nonsynchronous formation. In view of the experts for the detection of polyps appoint radiography with barium, as well as a full colonoscopy. These methods can be combined and applied every three years. Every year people have to check the presence of polyps in the stool for hidden blood.

Polyps, which passed the process of rebirth, and show the so-called early cancer Removed using endoscopic techniques. But while the doctor takes into account some special features. So, it is important that such polyps are the following characteristics: they should be kept on the leg, malignant transformation occurs only at the head of the polyp formation not sprouted elements venous or lymphatic system .

After the surgery, patients have to constantly stay on the dispensary observation. If benign polyps were removed in the intestine, the patient should be examined in about two months. After this obligatory visit to a specialist every six months. If removal undergone villous tumor, the tedious inspection carried out every three months. This schedule is relevant in the first year after the removal of polyps, further examination is carried out once a year. It is important to bear in mind that after the removal of polyps can recurrence of the disease .

Prevention of polyps in the intestine

It is important to bear in mind that the presence of relatives who have been diagnosed with polyps in the intestines, the risk of such disease increases four to five times.

Therefore, it is important to adhere to preventive measures. So, it is very important to eat a healthy diet, drink lots of water and regularly taking food fiber. We do not recommend the use of refined foods. It should stop smoking and try to stick to a healthy and active lifestyle. It is also important to prevent the manifestation constipation Which may provoke inflammation and, consequently, the development of polyps.