Description overdue on 17.01.2013

Glucocorticosteroid . The active component is Betamethasone . The mechanism of action is based on inhibition of the release interleukins   1 and 2, interferon-gamma from lymphocytes and macrophages. The drug has anti-allergic, antishock, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, antitoxic and desensitizing effects. Diprospan no effect on the circulating beta-endorphin, but inhibits the release of beta-lipotropina and ACTH from the pituitary gland.

The drug is able to inhibit the secretion of FSH and TSH. Diprospan drug stimulates erythropoietin increases the number of erythrocyte Reduces the number of eosinophils and lymphocytes, increases excitability of the central nervous system. The interaction of the active ingredient with specific cytoplasmic receptors form a complex, which is capable of penetrating into the cell, its nucleus and stimulate the process of mRNA synthesis (that it induces the formation lipocortin and other proteins that mediate cellular effects). Lipokortin inhibits the release arachidonic acid It inhibits phospholipase A2, inhibits the process of synthesizing leukotrienes, prostaglandins and endoperekisey who are actively involved in inflammatory processes in the formation of the allergic response. Under the action diprospana reduced amount of protein in blood plasma by   globulins But it increases the ratio of albumin / globulin, albumin increased production in the tissues of the kidneys and liver, increased protein catabolism in muscle tissue.

The impact of the drug on lipid metabolism Diprospan: the redistribution of body fat (fat deposits are localized mainly in the abdomen, face, shoulder girdle), increased synthesis triglycerides   higher fatty acids, hypercholesterolemia formation. Effect of medicament on carbohydrate metabolism: Activation fosfoenolpiruvatkarboksilazy, increased synthesis of aminotransferases (leads to the activation of gluconeogenesis), increased absorption of carbohydrates from the digestive tract, the increase in the activity of glucose-6-phosphatase (increased glucose uptake into the bloodstream from the liver).

Effect of the drug on water-electrolyte metabolism : Stimulation of excretion of potassium ions, and water retention of sodium ions in the body, "washout" of calcium ions from the bone, reduced absorption of calcium from the gut, increased excretion of calcium renal system. The anti-inflammatory effect is due to inhibition of the release of inflammatory mediators by eosinophils; for by reducing the number mast cells   (they produce hyaluronic acid), inducing the formation of lipocortin, by stabilizing the membranes of organelles (of particular importance lysosomal organelles), the stabilization of cell membranes by reducing capillary permeability.

Anti-allergic effect is achieved by suppressing the secretion and the process of synthesizing the mediators of allergy, inhibition of antibody production, by changing the body's immune response, reducing sensitivity to allergic mediators DiaCosmetics cells due to inhibition of release of biologically active substances and histamine from mast cells, T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes.

In COPD medication Diprospan prevents and inhibits the development of the swelling of the mucous membranes, brakes for inflammation, slows the deposition of circulating immune complexes   mucosal bronchial tree decelerates eosinophilic infiltration of the submucosa in the epithelium of the bronchial tree. The drug inhibits the process of desquamation and erozirovaniya mucous membranes. By reducing the production of oppression and mucus production reduces its viscosity. Protivotoksicheskoe antishock and impact achieved by increasing blood pressure by vasoconstriction, increase the level of circulating catecholamines and recovery of sensitivity to them adrenergic receptors. The effect is achieved due to the activation of hepatic enzymes that are involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics and endobiotikov, by reducing the permeability of the vessel walls, as well as through membrane-action .

Immunosuppressive effect provided by reducing the rate of release of cytokines (interferon-gamma, interleukin-1, 2) from macrophages and lymphocytes. The drug suppresses the synthesis of ACTH secretion and, secondarily inhibits the process of synthesizing endogenous glucocorticoids. Under the influence of the medication is less likely due to the formation of scar connective lockup speed response during inflammation. Buy Diprospan can be in the form of suspensions and injectable solution.

Indications:

The drug is prescribed for a shock (toxic, cardiogenic, operations, burns, traumatic), and anaphylactoid reactions , Transfusion shock, allergic reactions, anaphylactic shock, status asthmaticus, in severe asthma, when swelling of the brain   (after radiation therapy after surgery), at an acute adrenal insufficiency, systemic connective tissue diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, SLE), for poisoning cauterizing liquids (prevention of scar formation and reducing constrictions of inflammation), in hepatic coma , Acute hepatitis, tireotoksicheskom Stroke .

Contraindications:

Instructions for use of the drug is not recommended for Diprospan intra medication when abnormal bleeding at periarticular infections , And in septic infection of the joint, with severe form of osteoporosis okolosustavnogo when common infectious diseases, intra-articular bone fractures after arthroplasty , In severe bone destruction, while "dry" joint, with no signs of osteoarthritis synovitis, with joint instability after suffering arthritis, aseptic necrosis   epiphyses of the bones that form the joint.

When fungal, infectious, parasitic and bacterial lesions with herpes zoster, herpes simplex, tuberculosis (latent or active form) at strongiloidoze, amebiasis, measles, chicken pox, systemic mycosis   Diprospan used with caution.

In severe infections the drug can be prescribed only while conducting a specific therapy. The drug is not used in diseases of the digestive tract: diverticulitis, ulcer disease of the digestive system, gastritis, esophagitis , Intestinal anastomosis, peptic ulcer, ulcerative colitis . Betamethasone is not appointed following immunization, with lymphadenitis after BCG. The drug is contraindicated in hypertension . diabetes . hypothyroidism , With recent myocardial infarction, in the form of decompensated heart failure, with Cushing's disease , Thyrotoxicosis, with nefrourolitiaze , Severe liver disease and kidney disease, with polio, obesity, myasthenia gravis, systemic osteoporosis, with hypoalbuminemia at acute psychosis , Glaucoma (open-zakryto- and shape), when carrying a pregnancy, during lactation.

Side effect:

Side effects from the drug Diprospan depend on the possibility of compliance circadian regimens, dose and duration of medication. Endocrine system:   manifestation of latent diabetes mellitus flowing, "steroid" diabetes, delayed sexual development in children with Cushing's syndrome (myasthenia gravis, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea , Striae, hirsutism , Obesity, pituitary type, moon face, high blood pressure, hirsutism). The digestive tract:   violation of appetite, "steroid" the plague of the gastrointestinal system, pancreatitis, vomiting, nausea, flatulence, hiccough , Increased liver enzyme system. Cardiovascular system:   the formation of thrombosis, hypercoagulation , Increased severity of chronic heart failure, bradycardia, arrhythmia. Nervous system:   cramps, headache, pseudotumor cerebellum, affective insanity . euphoria . disorientation , Delirium, vertigo, dizziness, insomnia, anxiety , Nervousness, increased intracranial pressure, paranoia Depression.

Description of side effect of the drug on Diprospan senses : Posterior subcapsular cataracts, sudden loss of vision, exophthalmos Trophic changes in the cornea, increasing intraocular pressure. Metabolism:   increased sweating, increased protein breakdown, negative nitrogen balance, increased body weight, hypocalcemia, increased excretion of calcium from the body. Musculoskeletal system:   osteoporosis, atrophy of muscle mass and reduction, "Steroid" myopathy , Rupture of tendons of muscles, slowing the process of ossification and growth of bone in children as a result of premature closure of the epiphyseal growth zones. Skin:   propensity to development of pyoderma and candidiasis, steroid acne, pigmentation disorders, thinning of the skin, formation ecchymosis   and petechiae, slow wound healing. Possible formation of the allergic response,   leukocyturia . When intravenously possible convulsions, "flushing" of blood flow to the face of arrhythmia.

Overdose:

Manifested sleep disorder, vomiting, nausea, depression, agitation, euphoria . Prolonged use of large amounts causes the formation of a secondary adrenal insufficiency , Increased blood pressure, water retention, osteoporosis. It requires the use of aminoglutethimide, antacids, correction electrolyte balance .

Mode of application:

Betamethasone dosing regimen and route of administration are chosen depending on the nature and severity of the underlying disease. The infusion solution is diluted before administration in a solution of sodium chloride, 0, 9%, or dextrose solution. You can enter only a freshly prepared solution. Injections diprospanom make deep intramuscular injection 4-8 mg for severe disease. Periarticular and vnutriartikulyarno injection is carried out in very large joints in a dose of 4-8mg. In skin diseases, the drug is administered into the wound or intradermally in a dose of 0, 2ml / square centimeter. If bursitis is the local infiltration: 1-2mg. If necessary, medication can be administered subkonyunktivalno 2 mg.

Special instructions:

Diprospan be mixed into the local anesthetic solution in equal volumes. It is unacceptable to use a medication therapy hyaline membrane disease   in newborn infants. The drug can not be administered in the intervertebral space in the infected area and the instability of the joint. Before treatment is required to conduct a survey: complete blood count, blood glucose, electrolytes. With concomitant tuberculosis, sepsis, intercurrent infections, antibiotics are administered simultaneously. Responses to the drug Diprospan show high efficacy of the drug in compliance with all recommendations. It is important to bear in mind that patients with hypothyroidism clearance of corticosteroids is reduced in thyrotoxicosis registered backfire. Diprospan price varies depending on the pharmacy network and the form of the drug.

Drug Interactions:

Diprospan reduces efficiency anticoagulants Insulin, antihypertensive drugs, oral hypoglycemic drugs. The drug reduces the activity of the vaccine effect diuretics . The use of barbiturates, phenytoin, rifampin reduces the effect of the drug. Risk of side effects increases in the treatment of antipsychotic drugs, estrogens, androgens, NSAIDs, immunosuppressants , Ritodrine, digitalis glycosides, nitrates, tricyclic antidepressants . Diprospan increases the severity of hepatotoxic effects of paracetamol. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, and amphotericin B increase the risk of osteoporosis. The drug slows down metabolism cyclosporine   and increases its toxicity, enhances the metabolism of mexiletine, isoniazid, increases the concentration of folic acid. The medicament reduces efficiency somatotropin .